Improvement in packers for oil-wells



7 k i A 1 STEWART. PACKER FOR OIL WELLS.

"Will Patented Dec.

N. PETERS, FMDTO-LITMOGRAPMER, WAsmNGIuN. u C

Ummnsrmas OFFICE YM AN STEWART, or TITUSVILLE, PENNSYLVANIA.

- nvlmovamem m PACKERS FOR OIL-WELLS.-

Specification forming'part ofiLetters Patent No. 171,589, datedDecember28, 1875 application filed December 1, 1875.

To all whom it may, concern:

Be it known that I, LY'MAN STEWART, .of Titusville, in the county ofCrawford andState of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Packer for Oil- Wells; and I do hereby declare that thefol-- lowing is a full, clear,and exact description thereof, which willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and usethe same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to theletters of reference marked thereon, which form a part ofthisspecification.

Figure 1 represents my packer with the fibrous portion in the'positionor shape which it ordinarily assumes when such fibrous portlon is freefrom unusual or imposed tension or compression. .Fig. 2 is a verticalsection of the same, and Fig. '3 represents it under tube maybeperforated, as at a for a purpose which will be explained. B representsthe upper end of an anchor,'which stands upon the bottom of the well,and extends up to a point in the .well where it is desired to locate thepacker. The inside diameter of this anchor should be enough greater thanthe outside diameter of the tube A to admit the coup: ling or thimble AThe upper end of the anchor is reduced by any suitable means so as toclosely fit the tube A. For conveniently securing the lower end of thepacking'O, I usually prefer to elongate thisreduced part to, say, two orthree inches, and on the upper end of the reduced part have a small ribor flange turned, as shown at b Fig.2, the lower end of the reducerforming an inner rib or' shoulder, b, Fig. 2, against which thecoupling. or thimble A2 strikes when thetubing is 7 being lowered intoor withdrawn'from the well, thus supporting the weight of the anchor.

prevent the water above from descending into ithe'oil-rock, or toprevent the gas escaping. Sfrom' the oil, Iuse a fibrous packing, 0,(consisting of common hemp-packing, cotton-wick- }ing, or any othersuitable fibrous materiah). l woven or.braided around the tube A,substan-, tially as shown in Fig. 1that is, with-the middle portionwoven or braided more looselyv than the ends. The packing may besecured, the lower end in the groove or recess formed by the flange orrib turnedon the top of the 'reducer, on the upper end of the anchor B,as shown at 11 Fig. 2, (preferably by .winding very tightly with cord orwire 0,) or it may be secured below the collar on the upper end of thesame, the other end being secured to the point for the purpose. duce thedesired increase in the size or. swell. of the' part 0, Fig. 3, bybraiding or weaving the central portion more loosely than the ends, asindicated in the drawings; butwhen desired this shape may be made byusing more ble means.

For a packer to be used on the ordinary pumping-tube through five andfive-eighths inch casing, (the usual size;) I take atube of from four tofive feet in length, or thereabont, and use from three to four pounds ofpacking, according to circumstances; and for a packer to be used throughthree and one-fourth inch casing, (the usual small size,) lose a tube ofabout one inch inside diameter and about six feet in length. The tube Ashould first be dressed off smoothly, so as to slide freely through thepacking when it is being compressed.

Before inserting the packer in the well, the packing should be saturatedwith a prepara: tion of tallow andlbees-wax or other suitablepreparation, not only to make the mass when compressed more dense andimpervious to For the purpose of tilling the space between? the tube Aand thewalls of the well, so as to tube A by being tied above anordinary coupling, or a band, or ring placed at the proper By preferenceI pr'omaterial-in the center, or by any other ,suitawater or gas, but tomake the strands of the packing] material. draw and mndfir over anglvaround eaeh otherlnore f reelyh when t}: e weight ot'fthetjubiug aboveeomesnponthem;

When the tubinghaving my) packet ap- .plied thereto is letdown into thewell; the

fibrons section 0 will be kpfi Btretehed out; as in Fig.1, until thelower end of said anchor. tonehes the bottom flthe well, whenthe.

weight of the tubing aboi'e lwill colnpress the part (J intosubstantially the form shown in i c pt hat he sides wi l. b nearestraight, being com pressed againstthe sides ofithe well. a Iusnallyprefer thatthe increaseor swell in thecentral part of C, Fig. 3,shall be prodnoedbyaweawing, braiding; bmwemse anak} ing; that portionof looser texture than the 1 ends. of this section, inorder. that. whenmom- :the .ends heingtthe firmestshall yield less, to theweightofthesuperinennibent tubin g, andshalhnot, therefore; be .i-teleseoped loven; and upon the tubing-A. br the -ahelhonB This}, featgrer isimportan t,as,- snob. doubling. 1 hack uponi-either thetnbeA.onthelanehortB,

my: ea he. erw j w -4. he

pwkerais us d y. c us ng t w akmnds e 3 sides, may render it difliciltito .withdrawithe.

I tnbingwfrom ithewelh a v :tWO witnesses. i The tubeA shouldefitqlogely within themib oreredneed; portion. b, so that thepaekingean- 1not-be foreedxintothisujoint; When the tube- A is to. usedmsaflow- 5 iin gmtube, after theStemensonimethod; it (the tube) mayb pe f ated,sfatra gtb sa hb 3,in order that the mjngledoil anag-as ma H enter theflowing-tube at" apoint close below it f the packer. In ordinary ca-sesIproposeiofl .1 i eontrziet the size oftheanehorbelow the point r n; "towhich the tube A is iorcedby theipressureh; from above, thus efl'eotingin some wells a egream a ing nexpen e substantiallyassetsforth. 1 l

2. illheeombinationofithetnbeA and an "ehor: B; united by -ateleseopic1jointwith. Ltbe jfigbnouswpaekingfl. sn bstantiallyvasset forth.

.3. *fllheanchoruB. providedzwith the .perfm rationsj M, in combinationswith the perforatedl etubeA, snbstantiallyasset forth. wIntestimonywthat Lielaimflthetoregoing asu 1 fmy own; I laifix:mysignatnreflinlfpresence 0f r Witnesses M. HENDERSON, J N0. D.MOEARLAND.

- a S WABT. 1

